2) The ritual was done by an unknown agency, and the goal was to partially awaken Phantoms inside of people, to give them the powers, but not turn them into Phantoms fully. The ritual going wrong resulted in the Phantoms being born into our world. In this scenario, the two main bad guys probably were "failed" from the ritual, and Haruto was the survivor who got powers but not turned.
Given that there apparently weren't Phantoms in the world before the ritual, it couldn't have been to stop them.